Packet #5995132 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Keyhost GW8 (KHS8) to !ffffffff

17
Total Receptions
17
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 5995132
Mesh Packet ID: 0x93779a19
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-01-15 04:25:23 UTC
From Node: Keyhost GW8 (KHS8)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: Keyhost GW8 (KHS8)
Channel: LongFast
RSSI: Unknown
SNR: Unknown
Hop Info: 0/7 hops
Start: 7, Limit: 7
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!fa98ccfc
Channel:LongFast
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 7
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !fa98ccfc
Node ID format
channel_id LongFast
Default public channel
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 4204317948
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit 7
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 7
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi Not set int32
rx_snr Not set float
rx_time 1768440323
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority 10
Packet priority level 		enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node Not set uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1768440323.45791
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Default channel - no encryption
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !fa98ccfc
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!fa98ccfc", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 4204317948, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2474088985, "rx_time": 1768440323, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 0, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
Keyhost GW8 (KHS8) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:23 Current
Zoͦmͫвⷡiͥeͤ [GW8] (🧟) +2.015s
After 		-111.0 dBm -18.00 dB 0 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:25 View
Medved GW8 (MED8) +5.693s
After 		-111.0 dBm -3.75 dB 2 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:29 View
EGarpunov 2 868 (Base) (BAO) (EG28) +8.877s
After 		-113.0 dBm -8.25 dB 3 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:32 View
Fostral (FSTR) +8.916s
After 		-83.0 dBm -14.50 dB 3 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:32 View
BBS Восток (DM📲) (BBSv) +9.570s
After 		-47.0 dBm 6.25 dB 4 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:33 View
hmbm (f55c) +10.406s
After 		-97.0 dBm -6.75 dB 4 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:33 View
Butyrskaya 868 (But8) +10.660s
After 		-112.0 dBm -7.00 dB 4 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:34 View
Tsaritsyno_KB_U_868 (KBU8) +10.935s
After 		-121.0 dBm -15.75 dB 5 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:34 View
patch866 (pth8) +12.541s
After 		-68.0 dBm 4.25 dB 5 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:35 View
VEGA 6d78 (VEGA) +13.741s
After 		-94.0 dBm -14.00 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:37 View
RN3ABX Georgy 2 (ABX2) +15.860s
After 		-118.0 dBm -14.50 dB 6 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:39 View
SYSXX BGW8 (SXB8) +17.228s
After 		-114.0 dBm -8.00 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:40 View
SYSXX YGW8 (SXY8) +18.629s
After 		Unknown 6.25 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:42 View
SYSXX OGW8 (SXG8) +18.642s
After 		-68.0 dBm 6.25 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:42 View
Korolyok h0use (K8k*) +18.858s
After 		-111.0 dBm -0.25 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:42 View
Zamkad8 (zmkd) +21.401s
After 		-120.0 dBm -9.50 dB 7 LongFast 2026-01-15 04:25:44 View
17

Total Receptions

17

Unique Gateways